Surface Finish Impact on PCB Performance and Reliability

The choice of surface finish affects not just manufacturability, but also the long-term reliability of a PCB.

Key Factors That Influence Reliability

• Oxidation Resistance – Can the surface withstand humidity and temperature changes?

• Mechanical Strength – Does the finish hold up to repeated insertions or high wear?

• Solderability – Will the finish allow strong, defect-free solder joints?

Best Surface Finishes for Long-Term Performance

• ✅ ENIG – Excellent oxidation resistance, preferred for high-end applications.

• ✅ Hard Gold – Ideal for connectors and edge contacts that experience repeated use.

• ✅ Immersion Silver – Great for high-frequency applications, but needs anti-tarnish protection.

If durability is critical, ENIG or hard gold is the best option. For cost-sensitive projects, HASL or OSP may be acceptable.